| Scan code Hex type | Fault location | Probable cause |
| 1 | Camshaft position (CMP) sensor -no signal | Wiring, CMP sensor |
| 2 | Engine control module (ECM) -intemal fault | ECM |
| 5 | Alternator -voltage low | Wiring, battery, alternator drive belt, alternator |
| 6 | Alternator -voltage high | Wiring, battery, alternator |
| OA | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine control relay |
| OB | Alternator, field control -circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, alternator, battery |
| OC | Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -electrical | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, TCC solenoid |
| OE | Engine coolant blower motor relay -low/high speed | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine coolant blower motor relay -low/high speed |
| OF | Cruise control | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, hoses, cruise control master switch, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 10 | AlC compressor clutch relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, AlC compressorclutch relay |
| 11 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) ‘-circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, EGR solenoid |
| 12 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve -circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 13 | Injector 3 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 14 | Injector 2 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 15 | Injector 1 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 19 | Idle speed control (ISC) system -malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, lAC valve |
| 1A | Throttle position (TP) sensor -low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, TP sensor |
| 18 | Throttle position (TP) sensor -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, TP sensor |
| 1E | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor -low input | Coolant thermostat, wiring short circuit to ground, ECT sensor |
| 1F | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor -highinput | Coolant thermostat, wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, ground wire defective, ECT sensor |
| 20 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 no activity detected | Wiring open circuit, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 21 | Engine temperature -low for long period | Wiring, cooling system, coolant thermostat, ECTsensor |
| 23 | Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) -signal | Wiring, VSS |
| 24 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor -lowinput | Wiring short circuit to ground, MAP sensor |
| 25 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, MAP sensor |
| 27 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor | Wiring, hose connection(s), MAP sensor |
| 28 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor -no signal | Wiring, air gap, CKP sensor |
| 29 | Ignition” coil C, primary/secondary -circuit malfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 2A | Ignition coil B, primary/secondary -circuit malfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 28 | Ignition coil A, primary/secondary -circuit malfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 2C | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit, engine control relay |
| 2E | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systeminsufficient flow detected | Hose leak/blockage, wiring, EGR valve, EGR solenoid |
| 30 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 31 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 39 | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, IAT sensor |
| 3A | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -high input | Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, ground wire defective, IAT sensor |
| 3C | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor barometric pressure range/ performance problem | Intake/exhaust leak, wiring, MAP sensor |
| 3D | Injector 4 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 3E | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 -highvoltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, air filter blocked, H02S |
| 44 | Engine control module (ECM) -internal fault | ECM |
| 45 | Injector 5 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 46 | Injector {) circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 52 | Cruise control | Wiring, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 5A | AlC refrigerant pressure sensor -high input | AlC refrigerant pressure too high (coolingfault/incorrectly charged), wiring, AlC refrigerantpressure sensor |
| 58 | AlC refrigerant pressure sensor -low input | AlC refrigerant pressure too low (incorrectly charged), wiring, AlC refrigerant pressure sensor |
| 60 | CAN data bus. transmission control module (TCM) -no signal | Wiring, TCM |
| 61 | CAN data bus. body control module (BCM) no signal | Wiring,8CM |
| 65 | Fuel pump relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, fuel pump relay |
| 66 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1. bank 1 -slow response | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 67 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1. bank 1 heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 69 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2. bank 1. heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 6A | Random/multiple cylinder(s) -misfire detected | Wiring, spark plug(s), HT lead(s), injector(s),ignition coil(s), low compression |
| 68 | Cylinder 1 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 6C | Cylinder 2 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 60 | Cylinder 3 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 6E | Cylinder 4 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 70 | Catalytic converter system. bank 1 -efficiency below threshold | Catalytic converter, wiring, heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2 |
| 71 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -incorrect flow detected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 72 | Park/neutral position (PNP) switch -input circuit malfunction | Wiring, PNP switch, ECMITCM |
| 76 | System too rich | Wiring, intake blocked, EVAP canister purge valve, fuel pressure, EGR system, injector(s), air filter blocked, ignition system, heated oxygen sensor (H02S) |
| 77 | System too lean | Wiring, intake/exhaust leak, MAP sensor, fuel pressure/pump, EVAP canister purge valve,injector(s), heated oxygen sensor (H02S) |
| 7E | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2. bank 1 -high voltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, catalytic converter, H02S |
| 80 | Insufficient coolant temperature for closed loop fuel control | Wiring, cooling system, coolant thermostat, ECTsensor |
| 81 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1 no activity detected | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 84 | Throttle position (TP) sensor -range/ performance problem | Wiring, accelerator cable adjustment, TP sensor |
| 89 | Transmission control system -malfunction | Wiring, ECMITCM |
| 8A | Idle speed control (ISC) system rpm lower/ higher than expected | Wiring, air leak, throttle valve tight/sticking, lAC valve |
| 92 | Engine control module (ECM) -5 volt output low | ECM |
| 94 | Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuit malfunction | Wiring, TCC solenoid |
| 95 | Fuel level sensor -low input | Wiring open circuit, fuel level sensor |
| 96 | Fuel level sensor -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, fuel level sensor |
| 97 | Fuel level sensor -malfunction | Wiring, fuel level sensor |
| 98 | Brake pedal position (BPP) switch -circuit malfunction | Wiring, BPP switch |
| 99 | Ambient/battery temperature sensor -voltage low | Wiring, ambient/battery temperature sensor |
| 9A | Ambient/battery temperature sensor -voltage high | Wiring, ambient/battery temperature sensor |
| 9B | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 -low voltage | Exhaust leak, wiring short circuit to ground, H02S |
| 9C | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1 -lowvoltage | Exhaust leak, wiring short circuit to ground, H02S |
| 90 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor/camshaftposition (CMP) sensor -intermittent signal | Wiring, poor connection, air gap, CKP sensor, CMP sensor |
| AO | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -small leakdetected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister,EVAP canister purge valve |
| A1 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -large leak detected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister,EVAP canister purge valve |
| AE | Cylinder 5 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| AF | Cylinder 6 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| B7 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) leak detection pumpsolenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circu’it, hose leak! blockage, EVAP leak detection pump solenoid |
| B8 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) leak detection pump-pressure switch | Wiring, hose leak!blockage, EVAP leak detection pump |
| BA | Engine control module (ECM) -misfire detection limit reached | Wiring, poor connection, CKP sensor |
| BB | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -blockage detected | Hose connection(s), hose blocked/trapped, EVAP canister |
| BE | Compressed natural gas pressure sensorpressure high | Compressed natural gas system, wiring,compressed natural gas pressure sensor |
| CO | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 -slow response | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
