| Flash code | Fault location | Probable cause |
| 11 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor | Wiring, air gap, CKP sensor |
| 12 | Engine control module (ECM) -supply voltage disconnected within last 50 ignition switch ON-OFF cycles | Wiring, battery |
| 13 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor | Wiring, MAP sensor |
| 14 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor voltage low/high | Wiring, MAP sensor |
| 15 | Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) -signal | Wiring, VSS |
| 16 | Knock sensor (KS) -wiring | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, KS |
| 17 | Engine temperature -low for long period | Wiring, coolant thermostat, ECl sensor |
| 21 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) -incorrect signal/voltage high | Wiring, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, compression, air filterblocked, heated oxygen sensor (H02S) |
| 22 | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor voltage low/high | Wiring, ECT sensor |
| 23 | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor | Wiring, IAT sensor |
| 24 | Throttle pOSition (TP) sensor | Wiring, accelerator cable adjustment, lP sensor |
| 25 | Idle air control (lAC) valve | Wiring, lAC valve |
| 27 | Injector(s) -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 31 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve -open/short circuit | Wiring, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 32 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) solenoid/ system -circuit malfunction | Wiring, hoses, EGR solenoid |
| 33 | AlC compressor clutch reiay/AIC refrigerantpressure sensor -voltage low/high | Wiring, AlC compressor clutch relay, AlCrefrigerant pressure sensor |
| 34 | Cruise control | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, hoses, voltage low/high, cruise control master switch, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 35 | Engine coolant blower motor relay -low/high speed | Wiring, engine coolant blower motor relay low/high speed |
| 36 | Turbocharger (TC) wastegate regulating valve -circuit malfunction | Wiring, TC wastegate regulating valve, ECM |
| 37 | Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuit malfunction | Wiring, TCC solenoid |
| 41 | Alternator | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, alternator |
| 42 | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine control relay |
| 43 | Ignition coil -primary circuit | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 44 | Battery temperature sensor/engine coolanttemperature (ECT) sensor | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, battery temperature sensor, ECT sensor |
| 45 | Turbp boost limit exceeded | Wiring, hoses, TC wastegate, TC wastegate regulating valve, MAP sensor, ECM |
| 46 | Alternator -voltage high | Wiring, battery, alternator |
| 47 | Alternator -voltage low | Wiring, battery, alternator drive belt, alternator |
| 51 | System too lean | Wiring, intake/exhaust leak, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, heated oxygen sensor (H02S) |
| 52 | System too rich | Wiring, exhaust blockage, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, compression, air filter blocked, ignition system, heated oxygen sensor (H02S) |
| 53 | Engine control module (ECM) internal fault | ECM |
| 54 | Camshaft position (CMP) sensor -no signal | Wiring, CMP sensor |
| 55 | End of MIL code output | – |
| 61 | Barometric pressure (BARO) read solenoid -circuit malfunction | Wiring, BARO solenoid |
| 62 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 63 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 64 | Compressed natural gas pressure sensorpressure highllow | Compressed natural gas system, wiring, compressed natural gas pressure sensor |
| 65 | Intake manifold air control solenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, intake manifold air control solenoid |
| 66 | CAN data bus, transmission control module(TCM)/body control module (BCM) -no signal | Wiring, TCM, BCM |
| 71 | Engine control module (ECM) -5 volt output low | ECM |
| 77 | Cruise control system relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, cruise control system relay |