Ford Aerostar Van/Wagon – Bronco – Econoline/Club Wagon – Explorer – F-Series – Ranger (1992 – 1997) OBD1 Codes

Model	Year	Engine identification	System
Aerostar Van/Wagon 3.0/4.0L	1992·95	VIN position 8 = U/X	Ford EEC-IV
Bronco 5.0/5.8L	1992·95	VIN position 8 = H/N/R	Ford EEC-IV
Econoline/Club Wagon 4.9/5.0/5.8/7.5L	1992·95	VIN position 8 = G/H/N/R/Y/Z	Ford EEC-IV
Econoline/Club Wagon 5.8/7.5L (without 16 pin DLC)	1996	VIN position 8 = G/H	Ford EEC-IV
Explorer 4.0L	1992·95	VIN position 8 = X	Ford EEC-IV
F-Series 4.9/5.0/5.8/7.5L	1992·95	VIN position 8 = G/H/N/R/Y	Ford EEC-IV
F-Series 5.8/7.5L (without 16 pin DLC)	1996·97	VIN position 8 = G/H	Ford EEC-IV
Ranger 2.3/3.0/4.0L	1992·94	VIN position 8 = A/U/X	Ford EEC-IV

General information

Malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) will illuminate if certain faults are recorded.
ECM operates in backup mode if sensors fail, to enable vehicle to be driven to repair shop.
Trouble codes can be displayed by the MIL or by using an analogue voltmeter or Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2:

o Aerostar 1
o Bronco/F-Series 2
o Econoline/Club Wagon 3
o Explorer 4
o Ranger 5

Preparatory conditions

o Automatic transmission in ‘PARK’.
o All auxiliary equipment, including air conditioning, switched OFF.

Accessing -Key On Engine Off (KOEO) test

Using malfunction indicator lamp (MIL)

Start engine.
Allow to idle until engine at normal operating temperature.
Switch ignition OFF.
Wait 10 seconds.
If engine does not start or stalls: Continue with KOEO test.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
4.9L MT: Depress clutch pedal for entire accessing procedure.
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 6.
Switch ignition ON .

NOTE: MIL may flash briefly while fast DTCs are issued for Scan Tool followed by slow DTC output.

Count MIL flashes. Note trouble codes. Compare with trouble code table.
Each trouble code is displayed twice. Firstly for present faults followed by those for memorized faults as follows:

o Trouble codes are displayed by illuminated MIL switching OFF.
o Each trouble code consists of two or three digits.
o A group of 0.5 second flashes indicate each digit 7 [A].
o A 0.5 second pause separates each flash 7[B].
o A 2 second pause separates each trouble code digit 7 [C].
o A 4 second pause separates each trouble code 7 [D].
o For example: Three digit trouble code 122 displayed 7. Throttle position (TP) sensor.
NOTE: Two digit trouble codes displayed in a similar pattern.

A 6-9 second pause [8] [B] indicates the end of trouble code output for present faults [8] [A] .
A 0.5 second flash (separator code) [8] [C], followed by a 6-9 second pause [8] [D] indicates the start of trouble code output for memorized faults [8] [E].
Trouble codes for memorized faults displayed in the same manner as those for present faults.

NOTE: Memorized trouble codes refer to faults that have occurred in the last 80 warm-up cycle.

Switch ignition OFF.
Remove jump lead.
4.9L MT: Release clutch pedal.
Trouble codes can also be displayed by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.

Using analogue voltmeter

Ensure ignition switched OFF.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
Connect an analogue voltmeter between data link connector (DLC) 2 terminal 4 (STO) and battery (12 volt) positive 9.
Set analogue voltmeter to a DC voltage range of 0-20 V.

Start engine.
Allow to idle until engine at normal operating temperature.
Switch ignition OFF.
Wait 10 seconds.
If engine does not start or stalls: Continue with KOEO test.
4.9L MT: Depress clutch pedal for entire accessing procedure.
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 1iJ.
Switch ignition ON.

NOTE: Voltmeter needle may briefly deflect while fast OTCs are issued for Scan Tool followed by slow OTC output.

• Count voltmeter needle deflections. Note trouble codes. Compare with trouble code table. • Each trouble code is displayed twice. Firstly for present faults followed by those for memorized faults as follows:

Trouble codes are displayed by voltmeter needle deflecting to zero.
Each trouble code consists of two or three digits .
A group of 0.5 second needle deflections indicate each digit 7 [A].
A 0.5 second pause separates each needle deflection 7 [B].
A 2 second pause separates each trouble code digit 7 [C].
A 4 second pause separates each trouble code 7 [D].
For example: Three digit trouble code 122 displayed 7. Throttle position (TP) sensor.

NOTE: Two digit trouble codes displayed in a similar pattern.
A 6-9 second pause [8] [B] indicates the end of trouble code output for present faults [8] [A].
A 0.5 second needle deflection (separator code) [8] [e]. followed by a 6-9 second pause [8] [0] indicates the start of trouble code output for memorized faults [8] [E].
Trouble codes for memorized faults displayed in the same manner as those for present faults.
NOTE: Memorized trouble codes refer to faults that have occurred in the last 80 warm-up cycles.

Switch ignition OFF.
Remove jump lead and voltmeter.
4.9L MT: Release clutch pedal.
Trouble codes can also be displayed by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.

Accessing -Key On Engine Running (KOER) test

Using malfunction indicator lamp (MIL)

Start engine.
Allow to idle until engine at normal operating temperature.
Increase engine speed to over 2000 rpm for 2 minutes.
Switch ignition OFF.
Wait 10 seconds.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 6.
Start engine.
Engine identification code displayed as follows:

o 4 cylinder: Two 0.5 second flashes.
o 6 cylinder: Three 0.5 second flashes.
o 8 cylinder: Four 0.5 second flashes.
o For example: 6 cylinder engine identified 10[A].

With PSP switch: Within 1-2 seconds, tum steering wheel at least Y. a tum and release.
With BPP switch: Oepress and release brake pedal.
If fitted: Operate overdrive selection switch twice.
If after 6-20 seconds 10 [B], a single 0.5 second flash is displayed (dynamic response signal) 10 [C]: Briefly fully open throttle.

NOTE: DO NOT fully open throttle during KOER test if no dynamic response signal is displayed.

Trouble codes displayed for present faults after 4-15 second pause [10] [D].
Fast OTCs are issued for Scan Tool during 4-15 second pause [10] [E].
Count MIL flashes. Note trouble codes. Compare with trouble code table.

NOTE: Each trouble code is displayed twice.

Trouble codes for KOER test are displayed in the same manner as those for KOEO test [10] [F].
For example: Three digit trouble code 111 is displayed [10] . No fault found.
Switch ignition OFF.
Remove jump lead.
Trouble codes can also be displayed by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.

Using analogue voltmeter

Ensure ignition switched OFF.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
Connect an analogue voltmeter between data link connector (DLC) 2 terminal 4 (STO) and battery (12 volt) positive 9.
Set analogue voltmeter to a OC voltage range of 0-20 V.
Start engine.
Allow to idle until engine at normal operating temperature.

Increase engine speed to over 2000 rpm for 2 minutes.
Switch ignition OFF.
Wait 10 seconds.
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 9
Start engine.
Engine identification code displayed as follows:

o 4 cylinder: Two 0.5 second needle deflections.
o 6 cylinder: Three 0.5 second needle deflections.

• 8 cylinder: Four 0.5 second needle deflections. o For example: 6 cylinder engine identified 10 [A].

With PSP switch: Within 1-2 seconds, turn steering wheel at least Y, a turn and release.
With BPP switch: Depress and release brake pedal.
If fitted: Operate overdrive selection switch twice.
If after 6-20 seconds [10] [B], a single 0.5 second needle deflection is displayed (dynamic response signal) IE tel: Briefly fully open throttle.

NOTE: DO NOT fully open throttle during KOER test if no dynamic response signal is displayed.

Trouble codes displayed for present faults after 4-15 second pause [10] [D).
Fast OTCs are issued for Scan Tool during 4-15 second pause [10] [E).
Count needle deflections. Note trouble codes. Compare with trouble code table.

NOTE: Each trouble code is displayed twice.

Trouble codes for KOER test are displayed in the same manner as those for KOEO test 10 [F).
For example: Three digit trouble code 111 is displayed [10] . No fault found .
Switch ignition OFF.
Remove jump lead and voltmeter.
Trouble codes can also be displayed by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.

Erasing

NOTE: Disconnecting battery ground lead may cause driveabi/ity problems until the engine management system relearns basic values.

Using malfunction indicator lamp (MIL)

Ensure ignition switched OFF.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 6.

Switch ignition ON.
When trouble codes start to be displayed: Remove jump lead.
Switch ignition OFF.
Repeat accessing procedure to ensure no memorized trouble codes remain in ECM fault memory.
Trouble codes can also be erased by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.
If emission related component(s) have been replaced :

o Disconnect battery ground cable for at least 5 minutes to erase adaptive memory from ECM.
o If required: Drive vehicle for 10 miles or more to allow ECM to relearn basic values.

NOTE: Disconnecting battery ground lead may also erase memory from electronic units, such as radio.

Using analogue voltmeter

Ensure ignition switched OFF.
If fitted: Remove ‘EEC TEST’ cover to access data link connector (DLC).
Connect an analogue voltmeter between data link connector (DLC) 2 terminal 4 (STO) and battery (12 volt) positive 9.
Set analogue voltmeter to a DC voltage range of 0-20 V.
Jump DLC 1 terminal (STI) to DLC 2 terminal 2 (SIG RTN) 9.
Switch ignition ON .
When trouble codes start to be displayed: Remove jump lead.
Switch ignition OFF.
- Repeat accessing procedure to ensure no
- memorized trouble codes remain in ECM fault memory.
Trouble codes can also be erased by using a Scan Tool connected to the data link connectors (DLC) 1 and 2.
If emission related component(s) have been replaced:

o Disconnect battery ground cable for at least 5 minutes to erase adaptive memory from ECM.
o If required: Drive vehicle for 10 miles or more to allow ECM to relearn basic values.

NOTE: Disconnecting battery ground lead may also erase memory from electronic units, such as radio.

Trouble code identification

Flash code	Fault location	Probable cause
11	No fault found	–
12	Idle speed, high RPM check -unable to controlduring KOER test	Intake system, throttle tight/sticking, lAC valve/lSC actuator, ECM
13	Idle speed, low RPM check -unable to control during KOER test	Intake system, throttle tight/sticking, lAC valve/lSC actuator, ECM
14	Engine speed (RPM) sensor/profile ignition pickup(PIP) circuit -intermittent signal	Incorrectly installed RPM sensor, wiring, poor connection, electrical interference, RPM sensor,ECM
15	Engine control module (ECM) -KAM/ROM fault	Battery disconnected, wiring, fuses, ECM
16	Engine RPM too low for heated oxygen sensor (H02S) test	Intake system, throttle tight/sticking, lAC valve/lSC actuator, ECM
16	Ignition diagnostic monitor (IDM) circuit no signal during KOEO test	Wiring, ICM, ECM
18	Spark output (SPOUT) circuit open	Wiring, ICM, ECM
18	Ignition diagnostic monitor (IDM) circuit/spark output (SPOUT) circuit grounded	Wiring, ICM, ECM
19	Engine control module (ECM) -intemal voltagefault	ECM
21	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensorincorrect signal	Wiring, ECT sensor, ECM
22	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor/ barometric pressure (BARO) sensor -incorrect signal	Vacuum hose damaged, trapped vacuum, high atmospheric pressure, excessive EGR, wiring, MAP!BARO sensor, ECM
23	Throttle position (TP) sensor -incorrect signal	Throttle valve tight/sticking, wiring, TP sensor, ECM
24	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor incorrectsignal	Wiring, IAT sensor, ECM
25	Knock sensor (KS) no signal during dynamic response test	Wiring, KS, ECM
26 H	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -incorrect signal	Intake leak/blockage, wiring, MAF sensor, ECM
260 D	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensors,ignal highllow	ATF level, wiring, TFT sensor, ECM
29	Vehicle speed signal -incorrect signal	Wiring, rear ABS system, vehicle speed interface module, ECM
31	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor below minimum voltage	Wiring short circuit to ground, EGR valve/ position sensor, ECM
32	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor below closed limit	Wiring short circuit to ground, EGR valve! position sensor, ECM
33	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve not opening	Wiring, EGR valve tight/sticking, ECM
34	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor above closed limit	Wiring short circuit to positive, EGR valve! position sensor, ECM
35	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor above maximum voltage	Wiring short circuit to positive, EGR valvel position sensor, ECM
41	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 mixture leanlnot switching	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filterl pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAF/MAP sensor, ECM
42	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 mixture rich/not switching	Intake blocked, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure high, breather system, injectors, H02S, AIR system, EVAP system, MAF/MAP sensor, ignitionsystem, ECM
43	Throttle position (TP) sensor -incorrect signal at idle	Incorrectly adjusted, TP sensor, ECM
44	Secondary air injection (AIR) system, bank 1 inoperative	Hose connection, wiring, AIR pump motor, AIR solenoid, ECM
45	Secondary air injection (AIR) -upstream during KOER test	Hose connection, wiring, AIR solenoid, ECM
46	Secondary air injection (AIR) -not bypassed during KOER test	Hose connection, wiring, AIR solenoid, ECM
47	Four wheel drive selector switch -closed during KOEO test	Wiring short circuit, four wheel drive selector switch, internal damage to transfer case, ECM
490	Gear shift, 1·2 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
51	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor open circuit	Wiring open circuit, ECT sensor, ECM
52	Power steering pressure (PSP) switch -open circuiVno signal change	Wiring open circuit, PSP switch, ECM
53	Throttle position (TP) sensor -above maximum voltage	TP sensor loose, wiring short circuit to positive, TP sensor, ECM
54	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -open circuit	Wiring open circuit, IAT sensor, ECM
56 H	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -above maximum voltage	Wiring short circuit to positive, MAF sensor, ECM
560 D	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensor-above maximum voltage	ATF level, wiring open circuit, TFT sensor, ECM
590	Gear shift, 2·3 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
61	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor short circuit to ground	Wiring short circuit to ground, ECT sensor, ECM
620	Torque converter clutch (TCC) -excessive clutch slip	ATF level/condition, TCC slipping, ECM
63	Throttle position (TP) sensor -below minimum voltage	TP sensor loose, wiring open circuit/short circuit to ground, TP sensor, ECM
64	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -short circuit to ground •	Wiring short circuit to ground, IAT sensor, ECM
650	Overdrive selection switch -no signal change during KOEO test	Incorrect switch operation, wiring, fuse, overdrive selection switch, ECM
66 H	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -below minimum voltage	Wiring short circuit to ground, MAF sensor, ECM
66 0 D	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensorbelow minimum voltage	ATF level, wiring short circuit to ground, TFT sensor, ECM
67	Neutral position (NP) switch -open circuit	Incorrect adjustment, wiring open circuit, NP switch, ECM
	Clutch pedal position (CPP) switch -circuit malfunction	Incorrect adjustment, wiring, CPP switch, ECM
	AlC on during KOEO test	Wiring, AlC switch, ECM
670	Transmission range (TR) sensor -voltage high/ low	Incorrect adjustment, wiring, TR sensor, ECM
680	Automatic transmission flu id (ATF) temperature high	ATF level, transmission cooling system, towing weight limit exceeded, clutch slipping, wiring, TFT sensor, ECM
690	Gear shift, 3-4 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
72	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor/mass air flow (MAF) sensor -incorrect signal change during dynamic response test	Intake leak, wiring, MAP sensor, ECM
73	Throttle position (TP) sensor -incorrect signal change during dynamic response test	Incorrect throttle operation, wiring, TP sensor, ECM
74	Brake pedal position (BPP) switch -open circuit/no signal change during KOER test	Incorrect brake pedal operation, wiring, BPP switch, ECM
75	Brake pedal position (BPP) switch -closed circuit	Wiring, BPP switch, ECM
77	Wide open throttle (WOT) switch -no signal change during dynamic response test	Incorrect throttle operation, wiring, WOT switch,ECM
79	AlC on during KOEO test	Wiring, AlC switch, ECM
81	Secondary air injection (AIR) divert solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, AIR divert solenoid, ECM
82	Secondary air injection (AIR) bypass solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, AIR bypass solenoid, ECM
84	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, EGR solenoid, ECM
85	Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve-circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, EVAP canister purge valve, ECM
86	AT -shift solenoid	Wiring, shift solenoid, ECM
87	Fuel pump, primary circuit -circuit malfunction	IF5 switch, wiring, fuel pump, ECM
89	Torque converter clutch (TCC) lock-up solenoid	Wiring, TCC lock-up solenoid, ECM
91	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 mixture lean/not switching during KOER test	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter/ pump,injectors, H025, AIR system, MAF/MAP sensor,ECM
91 0	Shift solenoid (SS) 1 -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, 55, ECM
92	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 mixture rich/not switching during KOER test	Intake blocked, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure high, breather system, injectors, H025, AIR system, EVAP system, MAF/MAP sensor, ignition system, ECM
920	Shift solenoid (SS) 2 -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, 55, ECM
930	Transmission coast clutch solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, transmission coast clutch solenoid, ECM
94	Secondary air injection (AIR) system. bank 2inoperative during KOER test	Hose connection, wiring, AIR pump motor, AIR solenoid, ECM
940	Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuitmalfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, TCC solenoid, ECM
95	Fuel pump. secondary circuit -circuit malfunction	IFS switch, wiring, fuel pump, ECM
96	Fuel pump. secondary circuit -circuit malfunction	IFS switch, wiring open circuit to battery, fuel pump, ECM
970	Overdrive indicator lamp -circuit malfunction	Bulb, wiring, fuse, ECM
98	Engine control module (ECM) -hard fault detected during KOER test	H025 bank 2 -indicates lean, ECM
980	Engine control module (ECM). transmission fluidpressure (TFP) control -open driver circuit during KOEO test	ECM
99	Engine control module (ECM) -idle speed notlearnt during KOER test	Idle speed adjusted, ECM
990	Transmission fluid pressure (TFP) solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, poor connection, TFP solenoid, ECM
111	No fault found	–
112	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor belowminimum voltage	Wiring short circuit to ground, poor connection, IAT sensor, ECM
113	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -abovemaximum voltage	Wiring open circuit, poor connection, IAT sensor, ECM
114	Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor incorrect signal	Air temperature below 10°C (50°F), poor connection, IAT sensor, ECM
116	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor incorrect signal	Coolant level low, poor connection, ECT sensor, ECM
117	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor below minimum voltage	Wiring short circuit to ground, poor connection, ECT sensor, ECM
118	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor above maximum voltage	Wiring open circuit, poor connection, IAT sensor, ECM
121	Throttle position (TP) sensor -closed throttle voltage high/low	Throttle valve tight/sticking, TP sensor loosel damaged, ECM
121	Throttle position (TP) sensor -voltage inconsistent with MAF sensor signal	Throttle valve tight/sticking, TP sensor loosel damaged, ECM
122	Throttle position (TP) sensor -below minimumvoltage	TP sensor loose, wiring open circuit/short circuit to ground, TP sensor, ECM
123	Throttle position (TP) sensor -above maximumvoltage	TP sensor loose, wiring short circuit to positive, TP sensor, ECM
124	Throttle position (TP) sensor -voltage high	Throttle tight/sticking, intake leak, MAP/BARO sensor, ECM
125	Throttle position (TP) sensor -voltage low	Throttle tight/sticking, intake leak, MAP/BARO sensor, ECM
126	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor/barometric pressure (BARO) sensor -voltage highllow	Vacuum hose damaged/trapped, high atmospheric pressure, excessive EGR, wiring, MAP/BARO sensor, ECM
128	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor -loss of vacuum	Vacuum hose damaged/disconnected, MAP sensor, ECM
129	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensorinsufficient voltage change during KOER dynamicresponse test	Incorrect throttle operation, vacuum hose damaged/disconnected, MAP sensor, lAC system,ECM
129	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -insufficient voltagechange during KOER dynamic response test	Incorrect throttle operation, intake leak, wiring,MAF sensor, lAC system, ECM
136	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 mixture lean during KOER test	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter/pump,injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAP sensor, ECM
137	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 mixture richduring KOER test	Intake blocked, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure high, breather system, injectors, H02S,AIR system, EVAP system, MAP sensor, ignitionsystem, ECM
138	Cold start injector -insufficient flow during KOERtest	Fuel pressure, wiring, cold start injector, ECM
139	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 -not switching	Intake leak/blocked, injectors, H02S, AIR system,breather system, EVAP system, MAP sensor,ignition system, ECM
141	Fuel system indicates lean	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter/pump,injectors, H02S, ECM
144	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 not switching	Intake leak/blocked, injectors, H02S, AIR system,breather system, EVAP system, MAP sensor,ignition system, ECM
157	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -below minimum voltage	Wiring short circuit to ground, poor connection,MAF sensor, lAC system, ECM
158	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -above maximumvoltage	Wiring short circuit to positive, MAF sensor screen blocked, MAF sensor, ECM
159 0	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -voltage highllow	Intake leak, lAC valve, MAF sensor, ECM
167	Throttle position (TP) sensor -insufficient voltagechange during KOER dynamic response test	Incorrect throttle operation, TP sensor, ECM
171	Fuel system control, bank 1 -adaptive limitsreached	Intake leak/blocked, breather system, fuel pressure, fuel filter/pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, EVAP system, MAP sensor, ignition system, ECM
172	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 mixture lean	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter/pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAP sensor, ECM
173	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 mixture rich	Intake blocked, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure high, breather system, injectors, H02S, AIR system, EVAP system, MAP sensor, ignition system, ECM
174	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 1 -slow response	Intake leak, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure, fuel filter/pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAF/MAP sensor, ECM
175	Fuel system control, bank 2 -adaptive limits reached	Intake leak/blocked, excessive fuel in engine oil, breather system, fuel pressure, fuel filter/ pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, EVAP system, MAP sensor, ignition system, ECM
176	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 mixture lean	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter/pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAP sensor, ECM
177	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 mixture rich	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, breather system, injectors, H02S, AIR system, EVAP system, MAP sensor, ignition system, ECM
178	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S), bank 2 -slow response	Intake leak, excessive fuel in engine oil, fuel pressure, fuel filter/pump, injectors, H02S, AIR system, MAF/MAP sensor, ECM
179	Fuel control system, bank 1 -lean adaption limit reached at part throttle, mixture rich	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter blocked, wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
181	Fuel control system, bank 1 -rich adaption limit reached at part throttle, mixture lean	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, wiring, injector,MAP sensor, ECM
182	Fuel control system, bank 1 -lean adaption limit reached at idle, mixture rich	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter blocked,wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
183	Fuel control system, bank 1 -rich adaption limit reached at idle, mixture lean	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
184	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -signal high	MAF sensor screen blocked, MAF sensor, ECM
185	Mass air flow (MAF) sensor -signal low	Intake leak, breather system, MAF sensor, ECM
186	Injector -pulse width long/mass air flow (MAF)sensor signal low –	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, MAF sensor, ECM
187	Injector -pulse width short/mass air flow (MAF) sensor signal high	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, MAF sensor, ECM
188	Fuel system control, bank 2 -lean adaption limit reached at part throttle, mixture rich	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter blocked,wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
189	Fuel system control, bank 2 -rich adaption limit reached at part throttle, mixture lean	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
191	Fuel system control, bank 2 -lean adaption limit reached at idle, mixture rich	Intake leak, fuel pressure low, fuel filter blocked, wiring, injector, MAP sensor, ECM
192	Fuel system control, bank 2 -rich adaption limit reached at idle, mixture lean	Intake blocked, fuel pressure high, wiring, injector,MAP sensor, ECM
193	Fuel quality sensor -circuit malfunction	Wiring, fuel separation, fuel quality sensor, ECM
194	Cylinder balance test -malfunction	Wiring, injector, ECM
195	Cylinder balance test -malfunction	Wiring, injector, ECM
211	Profile ignition pickup (PIP) -circuit malfunction	Wiring, poor connection, arcing secondary ignition component coil/cap/rotor/HT leads/ plugs, electrical interference, ECM
212	Ignition control module (ICM) -ignition diagnostic monitor (10M) signal missing	Wiring, ICM, ECM
213	Spark output (SPOUT) -open circuit	Wiring, ICM, ECM
214 fJ	Camshaft position (CMP) sensor -circuit malfunction	Wiring, CMP sensor, ICM, ECM
214 D	Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor, CIO signal -circuit malfunction	Wiring, CKP sensor, ICM, ECM
215	Ignition coil 1 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
216	Ignition coil 2 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
217	Ignition coil 3 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
218	Ignition diagnostic monitor (10M), left side signal miSSing	Wiring, ignition coil, ECM
219	Ignition timing, defaulted to 10° -spark output (SPOUT) circuit open	Wiring open circuit, ICM, ECM
221	Ignition timing error	Wiring, ICM, ECM
222	Ignition diagnostic monitor (10M), right side signal missing	Wiring, ignition coil, ECM
223	Loss of dual plug inhibit (OPI) control	Wiring, ICM, ECM
224	Ignition coil 1, 2, 3 or 4 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
225	Knock sensor (KS) -no signal during KOER dynamic response test	Wiring, KS, ECM
226	Ignition control module (ICM) -ignition diagnostic monitor (10M) signal missing	Wiring open circuit, ICM, ECM
232	Ignition coil 1! 2, 3 or 4 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
238	Ignition coil 4 -primary circuit malfunction	Wiring, ignition coil, ICM, ECM
241	Ignitfon control module (ICM) -ignition diagnostic monitor (10M) signal malfunction	Wiring, ICM, ECM
244	Cylinder identification (CIO) fault when cylinder balance test requested	Wiring, CKP sensor, CMP sensor, ICM, ECM
311	Secondary air injection (AIR) system, bank 1inoperative during KOER test	Hose blockedlleaking, AIR bypass/divert solenoid,AIR pump, ECM
312	Secondary air injection (AIR) system misdirected during KOER test	Hose connections
313	Secondary air injection (AIR) system not bypassed during KOER test	Hose blocked/leaking, AIR bypass solenoid, AIR pump
314	Secondary air injection (AIR) system, bank 2 inoperative during KOER test	Hose blockedlleaking, AIR bypass/divert solenoid, AIR pump, ECM
326	Exhaust gas pressure sensor -voltage low	Hose blockedlleaking, wiring, exhaust gas pressure sensor, ECM
327 D	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor minimum voltage exceeded	Wiring open circuit/short circuit to ground, EGR valve/position sensor, ECM
327 ~	Exhaust gas pressure sensor -minimum voltage exceeded	Hose blockedlleaking, wiring open circuit/ short circuit to ground, exhaust gas pressure sensor, ECM
328	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position sensor, closed position -voltage low	Wiring, EGR valve/position sensor, ECM
332 D	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systeminsufficient flow detected	Hose blocked/leaking, wiring, EGR solenoid filter, EGR solenoid, EGR valve/position sensor, ECM
332 D	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systeminsufficient flow detected	Hose blockedlleaking, EGR solenoid, exhaust gas pressure sensor, EGR valve, ECM
334	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve positionsensor, closed position -voltage high	Wiring, EGR valve/position sensor, EGR solenoid, ECM
3350	Exhaust gas pressure sensor -voltage high/lowduring KOEO test	Exhaust gas pressure sensor, blocked inlet hose, ECM
336	Exhaust gas pressure sensor -voltage high	Exhaust system restricted, wiring, EGR solenoid, exhaust gas pressure sensor, EGR valve, hose routing, ECM
337 D	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) position sensor above maximum voltage	Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, EGR valve/position sensor, ECM
337 ~	Exhaust gas pressure sensor -above maximum voltage (	Incorrect hose routing, wiring short circuit, signal wire open circuit, exhaust gas pressure sensor, EGR solenoid/valve, ECM
338	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) -too low	Thermostat stuck open, coolant leak, ECM
339	Engine coolant temperature (ECT) -too high	Coolant level low, thermostat stuck closed, coolingsystem blocked, coolant blower motor worn/damaged, water pump defective, coolant leak,ECM
341	Octane adjuster -open circuit	Wiring, octane adjuster, ECM
381	AlC compressor clutch -excessive cycling	AlC system incorrectly charged, cycling switchdefective, AlC circuit fault, wiring intermittent open circuit to AlC system, ECM
411	Idle air control (lAC) valve no control during KOER low RPM check	Idle speed adjustment, intake leak, throttle valve tight/sticking, ignition timing incorrect, wiring short circuit to ground, lAC valve, ECM
412	Idle air control (lAC) valve no control during KOER high RPM check	Idle speed adjustment, throttle valve tight/ sticking, wiring open circuit/short circuit to ground, lAC valve, ECM
415	Idle air control (lAC) valve -lower limit reached	Intake leak, throttle valve tight/sticking, lAC valve, ECM
416	Idle air control (lAC) valve -upper limit reached	Air filter blocked, throttle body dirty/damaged, lAC valve, ECM
452 [8]	Vehicle speed signal -incorrect signal	Wiring, rear ABS system, vehicle speed interface module, ECM
4520	Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) -incorrect signal	Wiring, VSS, ECM
453	Servo leaking down -cruise control KOER test	Servo defective, ECM
454	Servo leaking up -cruise control KOER test	Servo defective, ECM
455	Insufficient RPM increase -cruise control KOER test	Intake system, ECM
456	Insufficient RPM decrease -cruise control KOER test	Intake system, ECM
457	Cruise control master/selector switch -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, cruise control master/selector switch, ECM
458	Cruise control master/selector switch -short circuit to ground during KOEO test	Wiring short circuit to ground, cruise control master/selector switch, ECM
459	Cruise control system -ground open circuit during KOEO test	Wiring open circuit, ECM
511	Engine control module (ECM) -ROM fault during KOEO test	ECM
512	Engine control module (ECM) -KAM fault	Battery disconnected, wiring, fuses, ECM
513	Engine control module (ECM) -internal voltage fault	ECM
519	Power steering pressure (PSP) switch -open circuit during KOEO test	PSP switch not fitted -disregard trouble code, wiring open circuit, PSP switch, ECM
521	Power steering pressure (PSP) switch -no signal change during KOEO test	PSP switch not fitted -disregard trouble code,wiring, PSP switch, ECM
522 IlJ	Park/neutral position (PNP) switch/neutral position (NP) switch -not in parklneutral during KOEO test/open circuit	Incorrect gear lever position, incorrect adjustment,wiring open circuit, starter motor relay disconnected, PNP/NP switch, ECM
522 IlJ	Transmission range (TR) sensor not in parkl neutral during KOEO test	Incorrect shift lever position, incorrect adjustment,wiring, TR sensor, ECM
524	Fuel pump (FP) -engine does not start	Wiring open circuit, fuel pump (FP) relay, ECM
524	Fuel pump (FP) -engine starts	Left/front H02S short circuit to positive, ECM
525	Vehicle in gear during KOEO test	Incorrect shift lever position, incorrect adjustment, PNP switch open, ECM
525	AlC -ON during KOEO test	AlC ON, AlC wiring short circuit to positive, ECM
526	Neutral position (NP) switch -switch closed circuit during KOEO test	Wiring short circuit, NP switch, ECM
526	AlC -ON during KOEO test	AlC ON, AlC wiring short circuit to positive, AlC switch, ECM
527 IlJ	Park/neutral position (PNP) switch/neutral position switch -open circuit during KOEO test	Wiring open circuit, starter motor relay disconnected, PNP/NP switch, ECM
527 IlJ	AlC -ON during KOEO test	AlC ON, AlC wiring short circuit to positive, AlC switch, ECM
528	Clutch pedal position (CPP) switch -circuit malfunction	Wiring open circuit, CPP switch, ECM
529	Data link/engine control module (ECM) -circuit malfunction	Wiring, ECM
532	Instrument panel -circuit malfunction	Wiring, instrument panel, ECM
533	Data link/instrument panel -circuit malfunction	Wiring, instrument panel, ECM
536	Brake pedal position (BPP) switch -circuit malfunction/no signal change during KOER test	Incorrect brake pedal operation, wiring, BPP switch, ECM
538 f)	KOER dynamic response test -insufficient rpmchange	Incorrect throttle operation, ECM
538 f)	KOER cylinder balance test -invalid test	Throttle operated during test, CMP sensor, ECM
538 ID	KOER dynamic response test -insufficient rpm change	Incorrect throttle operation, ECM
538 ID	KOERcylinder balance test -invalid test	Throttle operated during test, CKP sensor CID signal, ECM
539	AlC -ON during KOEO test	Wiring, AlC switch, ECM
542	Fuel pump (FP) secondary circuit -engine does not start	IFS switch, supply wire open circuit, FP ground wire, FP, ECM
542	Fuel pump (FP) secondary circuit -engine starts	Supply wire short circuit to positive, FP relay, FP to ECM wire open circuit, left/front H02S short circuit to positive, ECM
543	Fuel pump (FP) secondary circuit -engine does not start	Supply wire open circuit, fuel pump relay, ECM
543	Fuel pump (FP) secondary circuit -engine starts	Left/front H02S short circuit to positive, ECM
551	Idle air control (lAC) valve -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, lAC valve, ECM
552	Secondary air injection (AIR) bypass solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, AIR bypass solenoid, ECM
553	Secondary air injection (AIR) divert solenoid circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, AIR divert solenoid, ECM
554	Fuel pressure control solenoid -circuit malfunction	Hose connection, wiring, fuel pressure control solenoid, ECM
556	Fuel pump (FP) primary circuit	IFS switch, wiring, fuel pump relay, constant control relay module, ECM
557	Fuel pump (FP) primary circuit, low speed	Wiring, FP relay/constant control relay module, ECM
558	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) solenoid :circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Hose damaged, wiring, EGR solenoid, ECM
559	AlC relay, primary circuit -circuit malfunction	Wiring, AlC relay, ECM
562	Engine coolant blower motor relay -circuit malfunction	Wiring, engine coolant blower motor relay, ECM
563	Engine coolant blower motor relay, high speed -circuit malfunction	Wiring, engine coolant blower motor relay/ constant control relay module, ECM
564	Engine coolant blower motor relay, low speedcircuit malfunction	Wiring, engine coolant blower motor relayl constant control relay module, ECM
565	Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve 1 -malfunction	Hose damaged, wiring, EVAP canister purge valve, ECM
566 IlJ	Shift solenoid (SS) 3-4 -circuit malfunction	Wiring, 55, ECM
567	Cruise control vent valve -circuit malfunction	Wiring, cruise control vent valve, ECM
568	Cruise control vacuum valve -circuit malfunction	Wiring, cruise control vacuum valve, ECM
569	Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve 2 -malfunction	Hose damaged, wiring, EVAP canister purge valve, ECM
571	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) atmospheric solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO	Wiring, EGR atmospheric solenoid, ECM
572	Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) vacuum solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO	Wiring, EGR vacuum solenoid, ECM
578	AlC pressure sensor -short circuit	Supply wire short ground, AlC pressure sensor, variable control relay module, ECM
579	AlC pressure sensor -insufficient pressure change	Wiring, AlC fault, AlC pressure sensor, variable control relay module, wiring to AlC compressor clutch open circuit, ECM
581	Engine coolant blower motor -excessive current draw	Wiring short circuit to ground, engine coolantblower motor, variable control relay module, ECM
582	Engine coolant blower motor -open circuit! short circuit to positive	Supply wire open circuit/short circuit to positive, ground wire open circuit, engine coolant blower motor, variable control relay module, ECM
583	Fuel pump -excessive current draw	Wiring short circuit to ground, fuel pump, ECM
584	Variable control relay module -ground open circuit	Wiring open circuit, variable control relay module, ECM
585	AlC compressor clutch -excessive current draw	Wiring short circuit to ground, AlC compressor clutch, variable control relay module, ECM
586	AlC compressor clutch -open circuit!short circuit to positive	Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, AlC compressor clutch, variable control relay module, ECM
587	Variable control relay module -communicationerror	Wiring, variable control relay module, ECM
593	Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) -heater circuit malfunction	Wiring, H02S heater relay, H02S, ECM
617 IlJ	Gear shift, 1-2 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
618 IlJ	Gear shift, 2-3 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
619 IlJ	Gear shift, 3-4 -malfunction	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
621 [8]	Shift solenoid (SS) 1 -circuit malfunction duringKOEO	Wiring, 55, ECM
622 [8]	Shift solenoid (SS) 2 -circuit malfunction during KOEO	Wiring, 55, ECM
623 [8]	Overdrive indicator lamp -circuit malfunction	Bulb, wiring, fuse, ECM
624 [8]	Transmission fluid pressure (TFP) solenoid -circuit malfunction	Wiring, poor connection, TFP solenoid, ECM
625 [8]	Engine control module (ECM), TFP control open driver circuit	ECM
626 [8]	Transmission coast clutch solenoid -circuitmalfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, transmission coast clutch solenoid, ECM
627 [8]	Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuit malfunction	Wiring, TCC solenoid, ECM
628 [8]	Torque converter clutch (TCC) -excessive clutch slip	ATF level/condition, TCC slipping, ECM
629 [8]	Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuitmalfunction	Wiring, TCC solenoid, ECM
631 [8]	Overdrive indicator lamp -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Bulb, wiring, fuse, ECM
632 [8]	Overdrive selection switch -no signal change during KOEO test	Incorrect switch operation, wiring, fuse, overdrive selection switch, ECM
633	Four wheel drive selector switch -closed during KOEO test	Wiring short circuit, four wheel drive selector switch, internal damage to transfer case, ECM
634 [8]	Transmission range (TR) sensor -voltage high/ low	Incorrect adjustment, wiring, TR sensor, ECM
636 [8]	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensor signal highllow	ATF level, wiring, TFT sensor, ECM
637 [8]	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensorabove maximum voltage	ATF level, wiring open circuit, TFT sensor, ECM
638 [8]	Transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensor below minimum voltage	ATF level, wiring short circuit to ground, TFT sensor, ECM
639 [8]	Turbine shaft speed (TSS) sensor/output shaft speed (OSS) sensor -signal low	Wiring, T55/055 sensor, ECM
641 [8]	Shift solenoid (SS) 3 -circuit malfunction during KOEO	Wiring, 55, ECM
643 [8]	Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuit malfunction during KOEO test	Wiring, TCC solenoid, ECM
645 [8]	Incorrect gear ratio, 1 st gear	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
646 [8]	Incorrect gear ratio, 2nd gear	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
647 [8]	Incorrect gear ratio, 3rd gear	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
648 [8]	Incorrect gear ratio, 4th gear	ATF level/condition, poor connection, wiring, TR sensor, 55, clutch slipping, ECM
649 [8]	Transmission fluid pressure (TFP) solenoid -signal highllow	Wiring, poor connection, TFP solenoid, ECM
651 (jJ	Transmission fluid pressure (TFP) solenoid -circuit malfunction	Wiring, poor connection, TFP solenoid, ECM
652 (jJ	Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid -circuit malfunction	Wiring, TCC solenoid, ECM
653 (jJ	Overdrive selection switch -no signal change during KOEO test	Incorrect switch operation, wiring, fuse, overdrive selection switch, ECM
654 (jJ	Transmission range (TR) sensor -‘P’ signal during KOEO test	Transmission not in ‘P’ during KOEO test, incorrect adjustment, ECM
655 (jJ	Transmission range (TR) sensor -‘N’ signal during KOEO test	Transmission not in ‘N’ during KOEO test, incorrect adjustment, ECM
656 (jJ	Torque converter clutch (TCC) -continuous clutch slip	ATF level/condition, TCC slipping, ECM
657 [8]	Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) temperature high	ATF level, transmission cooling system, towing weight limit exceeded, clutch slipping, wiring, TFT sensor, ECM
659 (jJ	High vehicle speed -transmission in ‘P’	TR sensor/PNP switch, ECM
667 (jJ	Transmission range (TR) sensor -below minimum voltage	Wiring open circuit/short circuit to ground, TR sensor, ECM
668 [8]	Transmission range (TR) sensor -above maximum voltage	Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, TR sensor, ECM
675 (jJ	Transmission range (TR) sensor -out of range	Wiring, TR sensor, ECM
691	Four wheel drive selector fault -incorrect engine RPM/vehicle speed	Wiring short circuit, four wheel drive selector switch, internal damage to transfer case, ECM
692 [8]	Transmission state does not match calculated ratio	Transmission fault, ECM
998	Engine control module (ECM) -hard fault present	ECM