| Flash code | Fault location | Probable cause |
| 11 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor | Wiring, air gap, CKP sensor |
| 12 | Engine control module (ECM) -supply voltage disconnected within last 50 ignition switch ON-OFF cycles | Wiring, battery |
| 13 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor | Wiring, MAP sensor |
| 14 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor voltage low/high | Wiring, MAP sensor |
| 15 | Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) -signal | Wiring, VSS |
| 17 | Engine temperature -low for long period | Wiring, coolant thermostat, ECT sensor |
| 21 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) -incorrect signal/voltage high | Wiring, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, compression, air filter blocked, H02S |
| 22 | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor voltage low/high | Wiring, ECT sensor |
| 23 | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -voltage low/high | Wiring, IAT sensor |
| 24 | Throttle position (TP) sensor | Wiring, accelerator cable adjustment, TP sensor |
| 25 | Idle air control (lAC) valve/idle speed control (ISC) actuator | Wiring, lAC valve/1SC actuator |
| 27 | Injector(s) -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 31 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve -open/short circuit | Wiring, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 32 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) solenoid/ system -circuit malfunction | Wiring, hoses, EGR solenoid |
| 33 | A/C compressor clutch relay | Wiring, A/C compressor clutch relay |
| 34 | Cruise control | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, hoses, voltage low/high, cruise control master switch, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 35 | Engine coolant blower motor relay -low/high speed | Wiring, engine coolant blower motor relay low/high speed |
| 35 | Closed throttle position (CTP) switch | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, ISC actuator, CTP switch |
| 36 | Secondary air injection (AIR) solenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, AIR solenoid |
| 37 | Torque converter clutch (TCC) solenoid/ transmission fluid temperature (TFT) sensor | Wiring, transmission fluid level, TCC solenoid, TFT sensor, ECM |
| 41 | Alternator | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, alternator |
| 42 | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine control relay |
| 43 | Ignition coil(s) | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, ignition coil(s) |
| 44 | Battery temperature sensor/engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, battery temperature sensor, ECT sensor, ECM |
| 45 | Overdrive solenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, overdrive solenoid |
| 46 | Alternator -voltage high | Wiring, battery, alternator |
| 47 | Alternator -voltage low | Wiring, battery, alternator drive belt, alternator |
| 51 | System too lean | Wiring, intake/exhaust leak, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, H02S |
| 52 | System too rich | Wiring, exhaust blockage, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, compression, air filter blocked, ignition system, H02S |
| 53 | Engine control module (ECM) -internal faultdefective | ECM |
| 54 | Camshaft position (CMP) sensor -no signal | Wiring, CMP sensor |
| 55 | End of malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) codeoutput | – |
| 62 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 63 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |