| Scan code Hex type | Fault location | Probable cause |
| 1 | Camshaft position (CMP) sensor -no signal | Wiring, CMP sensor |
| 2 | Engine control module (ECM) -internal fault | ECM |
| 5 | Alternator -voltage low | Wiring, battery, alternator drive belt, alternator |
| 6 | Alternator -voltage high | Wiring, battery, alternator |
| OA | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine control relay |
| 8 | Alternator, field control -circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, alternator, battery |
| OF | Cruise control | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, hoses, cruise control master switch, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 10 | AlC compressor clutch relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, AlC compressor clutch relay |
| 11 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) -circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, EGR solenoid |
| 12 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purgevalve -circuit malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 13 | Injector 3 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 14 | Injector 2 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 15 | Injector 1 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 19 | Idle speed control (ISC) system -malfunction | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, lAC valve |
| 1A | Throttle position (TP) sensor -low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, TP sensor |
| 18 | Throttle position (TP) sensor -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, TP sensor |
| 1E | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, coolant thermostat, ECT sensor |
| 1F | Engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor highinput | Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, coolant thermostat, ground wire defective, ECTsensor |
| 20 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 no activity detected | Wiring open circuit, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 21 | Engine temperature -low for long period | Wiring, cooling system, coolant thermostat, ECTsensor |
| 23 | Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) -signal | Wiring, VSS |
| 24 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, MAP sensor |
| 25 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor highinput | Wiring short circuit to positive, MAP sensor |
| 27 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor | Wiring, hose connection(s), MAP sensor |
| 28 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor no signal | Wiring, air gap, CKP sensor |
| 29 | Ignition coil C, primary/secondary -circuitmalfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 2A | Ignition coil B, primary/secondary -circuitmalfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 28 | Ignition coil A, primary/secondary -circuitmalfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 2C | Engine control relay | Wiring open circuit, engine control relay |
| 2E | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system -insufficient flow detected | Wiring, hose leak/blockage, EGR valve, EGR solenoid |
| 30 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 31 | Engine control module (ECM) -EEPROM error | ECM |
| 39 | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, IAT sensor |
| 3A | Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor -high input | Wiring open circuit/short circuit to positive, ground wire defective, IAT sensor |
| 38 | Knock sensor (KS) 1 -no signal | Wiring, KS incorrectly tightened, KS |
| 3C | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor barometric pressure range/performance problem | Intake/exhaust leak, wiring, MAP sensor |
| 30 | Injector 4 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 3E | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 high voltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, fuel pressure,injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, air filter blocked, H02S |
| 41 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2 no activity detected | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 42 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2 high voltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, fuel pressure, injector control, EVAP canister purge valve, air filter blocked, H02S |
| 44 | Engine control module (ECM) -internal fault | ECM |
| 45 | Injector 5 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 46 | Injector 6 -circuit malfunction | Wiring, injector |
| 47 | AmbienUbattery temperature sensor | Wiring, ambient/battery temperature sensor |
| 4C | Ignition coil D, primary/secondary -circuit malfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 40 | Ignition coil E, primary/secondary -circuitmalfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| 52 | Cruise control | Wiring, cruise control vacuum switching valve |
| 56 | Cruise control master switch -high voltage | Wiring, cruise control master switch |
| 57 | Cruise control master switch -low voltage | Wiring, cruise control master switch |
| 58 | Intake manifold air control solenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, intake manifold air control solenoid |
| 5A | AlC refrigerant pressure sensor -high input | Wiring, AlC refrigerant pressure too high (cooling fault/incorrectly charged), AlC refrigerant pressure sensor |
| 58 | AlC refrigerant pressure sensor -low input | Wiring, AlC refrigerant pressure too low (incorrectly charged), AlC refrigerant pressure sensor |
| 5C | Engine coolant blower motor relay -low speed | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine coolant blower motor relay -low speed |
| 50 | Engine coolant blower motor relay -high speed | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, engine coolant blower motor relay -high speed |
| 60 | CAN data bus, transmission control module(TCM) -no signal | Wiring, TCM |
| 61 | CAN data bus, body control module (BCM) no signal | Wiring, BCM |
| 65 | Fuel pump relay | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, fuel pump relay |
| 66 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 slow response | Heating inoperative, wiring, H02S |
| 67 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 69 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1, heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 6A | Random/multiple cylinder(s) -misfire detected | Wiring, spark plug(s), HT lead(s), injector(s), ignition coil(s), low compression |
| 68 | Cylinder 1 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 6C | Cylinder 2 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 60 | Cylinder 3 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuel system, injector |
| 6E | Cylinder 4 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuelsystem, injector |
| 70 | Catalytic converter system, bank 1 -efficiency below threshold | Wiring, H02S 2, catalytic converter |
| 71 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system incorrect flow detected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister purge valve |
| 72 | Park/neutral position (PNP) switch -input circuit malfunction | Wiring, PNP switch, ECMITCM |
| 73 | Power steering pressure (PSP) switch -range/performance problem | Wiring, PS system, PSP switch |
| 76 | System too rich | Wiring, intake blocked, EVAP canister purge valve, fuel pressure, EGR system, injector(s), air filter blocked, ignition system, H02S |
| 77 | System too lean | Wiring, intake/exhaust leak, MAP sensor, fuel pressure/pump, EVAP canister purge valve, injector(s), H02S |
| 78 | System too rich, bank 2 | Intake blocked, EVAP canister purge valve, fuel pressure, EGR system, injector(s), H02S |
| 79 | System too lean, bank 2 | Intake/exhaust leak, fuel pressure/pump, injector(s), AIR system, hose connection(s) |
| 7A | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2 slow response | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 7C | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2, heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 70 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 2, heater control -circuit malfunction | Wiring, H02S |
| 7E | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1 high voltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, catalytic converter, H02S |
| 7F | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 2 highvoltage | Wiring short circuit to positive, catalytic converter, H02S |
| 80 | Insufficient coolant temperature for closed loopfuel control | Wiring, cooling system, coolant thermostat,ECTsensor |
| 81 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1 noactivity detected | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 82 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 2 no activity detected | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 84 | Throttle position (TP) sensor -range! performance problem | Wiring, accelerator cable adjustment, TP sensor |
| 85 | Timing belt jumped 1 tooth or more | Timing belt loose/jumped position |
| 89 | Transmission control system -malfunction | Wiring, ECMITCM |
| 8A | Idle speed control (ISC) system -rpm lowerlhigher than expected | Wiring, air leak, throttle valve tight/sticking, lAC valve |
| 91 | Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor/ throttle position (TP) sensor | Intake leak, hose connection(s), MAP sensor, TP sensor |
| 92 | Engine control module (ECM) -5 volt output low | ECM |
| 95 | Fuel level sensor -low input | Wiring open circuit, fuel level sensor |
| 96 | Fuel level sensor -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, fuel level sensor |
| 97 | Fuel level sensor -malfunction | Wiring, fuel level sensor |
| 98 | Brake pedal position (BPP) switch -circuit malfunction | Wiring, BPP switch |
| 99 | Ambient/battery temperature sensor -voltage low | Wiring, ambient/battery temperature sensor |
| 9A | Ambient/battery temperature sensor -voltage high | Wiring, ambient/battery temperature sensor |
| 9B | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 -lowvoltage | Wiring short circuit to ground, exhaust leak, H02S |
| 9C | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 1 -lowvoltage | Wiring short circuit to ground, exhaust leak, H02S |
| 90 | Crankshaft position (CKP) sensor/camshaft position (CMP) sensor -intermittent signal | Wiring, poor connection, air gap, CKP sensor, CMP sensor |
| AO | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -small leak detected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister, EVAP canister purge valve |
| A1 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system -large leakdetected | Hose connection(s), intake leak, EVAP canister, EVAP canister purge valve |
| AE | Cylinder 5 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuelsystem, injector |
| AF | Cylinder 6 -misfire detected | Wiring, engine mechanical fault, ignition/fuelsystem, injector |
| B5 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2 -lowvoltage | Wiring short circuit to ground, exhaust leak, H02S |
| B6 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 2, bank 2 -lowvoltage | Wiring short circuit to ground, exhaust leak, H02S |
| B7 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) leak detection pump solenoid | Wiring open circuit/short circuit, hose leakl blockage, EVAP leak detection pump solenoid |
| B8 | Evaporative emission (EVAP) leak detection .pump -pressure switch | Wiring, hose leaklblockage, EVAP leak detection pump |
| BA | Engine control module (ECM) -misfire detection limit reached | Wiring, poor connection, CKP sensor |
| BB | Evaporative emission (EVAP) system blockagedetected | Hose connection(s), hose blocked/trapped, EVAPcanister |
| CO | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 1 slowresponse | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| C1 | Heated oxygen sensor (H02S) 1, bank 2 slowresponse | Wiring, heating inoperative, H02S |
| 4 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve positionsensor A -low input | Wiring short circuit to ground, EGR valve positionsensor |
| 5 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve positionsensor A -high input | Wiring short circuit to positive, EGR valve position sensor |
| 7 | Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system range/performance problem | Wiring, hose leaklblockage, EGR valve/ solenoid |
| 8 | Ignition coil F, primary/secondary -circuit malfunction | Wiring, ignition coil |
| E1 | CAN data bus, instrumentation -no signal | Wiring, instrumentation control module(mechanical) |
| E2 | CAN data bus, immobilizer control module nosignal | Wiring, immobilizer control module |
| E8 | Key not programmed into immobilizer control module | Wiring, ignition key not matched/damaged,immobilizer control module |
